In this super quick breakout exercise, you're going to practice what you know about how a cell is able to "read" DNA and ultimately create protein.
Decode the secret message from DNA with the two ciphers you learned in chapters 4 and 5.
Now that you have learned more about how the ribosome translates an RNA transcript into protein using the RNA to protein cipher, head back to page 120 (Ch. 4) to finish the bidirectional translation Breakout Exercise.
Zero to Genetic Engineering Hero Table 5-2 and 5-3
Table 5-2: Each amino acid is encoded by one or more RNA codons. This RNA codon table is used to know which RNA codons code for each amino acid. Note that different codons can code for the same amino acid.
tRNAs are the physical connectors that bind to the RNA codons in the ribosome. tRNAs are not expressed equally in cells, rather, there is a diversity of tRNA expression within a single organism, and between species of organisms. For example, if we were to extract and purify all the tRNAs listed in Table 5-2, we would not see them in equal proportions. Rather, E. coli cells express some tRNAs more than others. See E. coli Codon Use Table. (Table 5-3).
In Table 5-3 you will see the codons separated by the amino acid they code for in alphabetical order.
You’ve accomplished quite a lot on your journey so far, congratulations! Here is the 19 point checklist which summarizes what we learned and did in Chapters 1-5. Review it before going further, and make sure to repeat any exercises or breakouts if you feel it necessary.